Keycodesoftware

keycodesoftware

Sas ( formerly "statistical analysis system")[1] is a statistical software package developed by the sas institute for data coordination, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, criminal investigations[2] and predictive analytics.

Sas was developed at nc state university from 1966 to 1976, [https://keycodesoftware.com/] when the sas institute was created. Sas evolved in the 1980s and 1990s with the addition of new statistical procedures, additional components, and the introduction of jmp. A point-and-click interface was added to version 9 in 2004. A social media analytics product was added in 2010

Technical overview and terminology[edit]

sas is a software package that can mine, modify, manage and extract information from all of these sources, and in addition to implement their statistical analysis.[3] sas provides a graphical point-and-click interface for non-technical listeners, and a lot of other things using the sas language.[3]

Sas programs have data steps that retrieve and process data and procs. Steps that follow the data.[4] each step consists of a number of statements.[5] At the data step, there are executable statements that lead to the execution of the action on and declarative statements that provide instructions for reading the data set and changing it. Appearance of the data.[4] the data step consists of a pair of phases: compilation and execution. At compile time, declarative statements are processed and syntax errors are detected. Then, at the execution stage, each executable statement is processed sequentially.[6] the datasets are organized into tables with rows called "observations" and columns called "variables". Also each piece of data has a descriptor and importance.[4][7] The proc step consists of proc statements that call named procedures. Procedures parse and report on datasets for statistics, analysis, and charts. There are over 300 named procedures, and each contains a considerable amount of programmatic and statistical work.[4] proc statements can also display results, sort information, or perform other operations.[5] Sas macros are pincode fragments or variables that are coded for one year and are used to perform repetitive tasks .[8]Sas data can be published in html, pdf, excel, rtf and various other formats using the output delivery system first introduced in 2007[9] sas enterprise guide is an interactive sas interface. It generates code to automatically parse information or perform analysis so that no sas programming experience is required to use it.[10] The sas software package contains over 200[11] components[12][13]. ] Some of the features of sas include:[3][12-15] – Basic sas – basic procedures and data management– sas/stat – statistical analysis– sas/graph - graphics and presentation- sas/or - operations research- sas/ets - econometrics and time series analysis- sas/iml - interactive matrix language- sas/af - applications object- sas/qc - quality control- sas/insight - data mining- sas/ph - clinical trial analysis- enterprise miner - data mining- enterprise guide - gui-based code editor and project manager- sas ebi - suite of marketing intelligence applications- sas grid manager - sas- sas ci360 - customer intelligence history[edit] The development of sas began in 1966 as soon as north carolina state university versity rehired anthony barr[15] to program the dispersion analysis software used ai and regression to make it work on ibm system/360 computers.[16] the project was funded by the national institutes of health.[17] and was originally intended to analyze agricultural data[twelve-18] to increase yields.[19] barr was joined by student james goodnight, who developed statistical procedures for the results of the efforts of programmers, and they became project leaders. In 1968, barr and goodnight integrated new multiple regression and anova procedures. In 1972, after the first release of sas, the project lost funding.[17] according to goodnight's reviews, this was because nih only wanted to fund projects with medical applications. Goodnight continued to teach at the university for a one-dollar salary and a mainframe approach for use in the project,[17] until it was funded by university statisticians from the southern experimental stations in the coming seeding season.[16][23] john sull joined the project in 1973 and contributed to econometrics in terms of time walls and matrix algebra. Another early contributor, carroll g. Perkins, contributed to early sas programming. Jolain v. Service - and jane t. Helwig created the first sas papers.[21] The first versions of sas were named after the city where they were made and released.[24] in 1971, the sas 71 was developed in a limited edition.[3][25] it was used specifically on ibm mainframes and had the basic elements of sas programming, including the data step and the most common procedures of the proc step.[24] in the next seeding season, the full version of sas 72 was released, which introduced the merge statement and added functions to handle missing information and merge datasets.[26] in 1976, barr, goodnight, sall, and helwig removed the project from the state of north carolina and incorporated its cells into sas institute, inc.[27] Sas was redesigned into open architecture sas 76. This allowed the use of compilers and procedures. The input and infile statements have been improved so that you can read most of the data formats used by ibm mainframes. Reporting has also been added with put and file statements. The ability to analyze general linear models was also added[28], in addition, the format procedure, which allowed developers to customize the appearance of the data[24]. In 1979, sas 79 added support for the cms operating system and launched the datasets procedure. Three years later, sas 82 introduced an early macro language and append process.[24] Sas version 4 had limited features, but made sas more accessible. Version 5 introduced a full macro language, array indexes, and a full-screen interactive interface called the display manager. In 1985, sas was rewritten in the c programming language. This allowed the use of a multi-vendor sas architecture, which allows it to work in unix, ms-dos and windows. Formerly, it remained written in pl/i, fortran, and assembler.[20][24] In the 1980s and 1990s, sas released a number of components to complement base sas. Sas/graph, which creates graphics, was developed in 1980, as was the sas/ets component, which supports econometric and time series analysis. The sas/ph-clinical component, intended for pharmaceutical users, was released in the 1990s. In 2002, the food and drug administration standardized sas/ph-clinical for permanent drug products. Vertical products like sas financial management and sas human capital management (then called cfo vision and hr vision respectively) were also introduced. Jmp was created by sas co-founder john sall or a development team to take advantage of the graphical user interface introduced in the 1984 apple macintosh[30] and first released in 1989[30]. Updated versions of jmp have been continuously released since 2002, with the latest release being developed in 2016[31][32][33][34][35][36][37]

Sas version 6 was used forduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduring throughoutduringthroughduring of the 1990s and made available on the widest possible range of operating systems, including macintosh, os/2, silicon graphics, and primos. Sas introduced additional features through point releases. From 6.06 to 6.09, a user interface written in the windows paradigm was introduced and support for sql[38].[24] was added. Version 7 introduced an output delivery system (ods) and an improved text editor. Ods has been improved in subsequent releases. For example, version 8 added more output options. Os support has been reduced to unix, windows and z/os, and linux has been added.[24][39] sas version 8 and sas enterprise miner appeared in 1999.[20]

In 2002, text miner was introduced. Text miner parses text data such as email for patterns in business intelligence icons. In 2004, version 9.0 of sas was released, dubbed "project mercury" and intended to make sas enjoyable for the widest possible range of business users. Version 9.0 added customizable user interfaces based on the role of people; and installed the point-and-click sas enterprise guide user interface as the main graphical user interface (gui) of the software. Customer relationship management (crm) functionality was enhanced in 2004 with sas interaction management.[43] in 2008, sas announced the unity project for data quality integration, information integration, and master data management.This case was transferred from the high court of the united kingdom to the european court of justice on 11 august 2010.”[46] A free version was introduced for students in 2010.[47] in its year, sas social media analytics was released, a toolkit for social media testing, engagement and sentiment analysis. In the same year, sas rapid predictive modeler (rpm) was introduced, which generates basic analytical models using microsoft excel. [49][50] jmp 9 added a new site in 2010 to use the r programming language from jmp and an add-in for excel.[51][52] next year, high performance computing hardware became a reality. Working with teradata and emc greenplum. [53] [54] in 2011, microsoft published enterprise miner 7.1. [55] from october 2013 to october 2014, the company introduced 27 data coordination products and upgraded 160 other products. [56] at the sas global forum 2015, the company announced several new products targeting all industries, as well as new educational software.[57] Release date[edit] Sas has had many releases since 1972.[58] since version 9.3, sas/stat has its own version numbering. Software products[edit] As of 2011, the largest set of sas products is the line customer intelligence. Numerous sas modules for web analytics, social media and marketing analytics are designed to profile customers and potential buyers, predict their behavior, and coordinate and optimize communications. Sas also provides the sas fraud framework. The core functionality of the platform is to track activity across applications, networks, and partners and use analytics to look for anomalies that indicate fraud.[60][61][62][63] sas enterprise grc (governance, annoyance and compliance) provides risk modeling, communication analysis and other functions[64][65] to coordinate and visualize risk, compliance and corporate policies. There is also a set of sas enterprise risk management products, primarily aimed at financial institutions and financial institutions.[66] Sas products for testing and managing the operations of it systems are collectively referred to as sas solutions for driving it[ 67]. Sas collects information about the operation and use of various it assets, and finally generates reports and analyzes[68]. Sas performance management products combine and provide a graphical representation of key performance indicators (kpi) at the level of employees, departments and companies.[69][70] a suite of sas supply chain intelligence products is offered for supply chain applications such as product demand forecasting, distribution and inventory management, and pricing optimization.[71] there is also a suite of sas for sustainability management software to predict environmental, commercial and economic impacts and identify cause-and-effect relationships between operations and environmental or ecosystem impacts.[72] Sas. Has product suites for specific industries such as government, retail, telecommunications, and aerospace, as well as for quality marketing or high performance computing.[73] Free university version[edit] Sas previously offered a free university version that anyone could download for non-commercial use. The first announcement of this free university publication was in newspapers on may 28, 2014 [74]. However, in 2022, sas free university edition was replaced by two completely web-based versions: sas ondemand for academics and sas viya for learners.[75] Comparison with wellness products[edit]In a 2005 article for the journal of marriage and family comparing statistical packages from sas and its competitors stata and spss, alan s. Akok wrote that sas programs provide "an extraordinary range of information analysis and management." Tasks", but they were difficult to develop and study.[76] at the same time, spss and stata were easier to learn (with better documentation), but had less analytical capabilities, although they could be extended with paid (in spss) or free (in stata) add-ons. Akok came to the conclusion that sas is best suited for enlightened users, while casual users will especially benefit from spss and stata. A comparison by ucla in 2014 produced similar results.[77] than sas products.In a 2011 comparison, informationweek's doug henschen found that the start-up fees for the three companies were the same, though he acknowledged that the start-up fees were not necessarily the best basis for comparison. Sas's business model is a bit less directly dependent on upfront fees for its programs, focusing instead on revenue from annual subscription fees.[79][80] Sas remains the largest sales market. -Owner of "advanced analytics" shares with 35.4% of the market as of 2013.[81] it is the fifth largest owner of the virtual business intelligence (bi) market with a 6.9% share[82] and the largest independent vendor. It competes in the bi space with similar conglomerates such as sap businessobjects, ibm cognos, spss modeler, oracle hyperion and microsoft power bi.[83] sas has been included in the gartner leaders quadrant for information integration tools and business intelligence and analytics platforms.[84] a study published 7 years ago in bmc health services research found that sas was used in 42.6% of information analyzes in health research based on a sample of 1139 articles drawn from the journals covered.[85] comparison of software for numerical analysiscomparison of olapjmp servers (statistical software), also from sas institute inc.Sasr language (programming language)links [edit] ^ "About sas". Retrieved july 5, 2017 ^ "sas empowers crime fighters to solve tough cases." Retrieved july 6, 2021 ^ a b c d salkind, neil (2010). Encyclopedia of research design encyclopedia of research design. Doi: 10.4135/9781412961288. Isbn 9781412961271.^ A b c d sas institute inc. And world programming limited (high court of england and wales (chancery), 23 july 2010). Text^ a b laura d. Delvich; susan j. Slaughter (2012). The little book of sas: a primer for beginners: an approach to programming. Sas institute. P. 6. Isbn 978-1-61290-400-9 .^ Arthur lee (april 10, 2013.). A guide to step by step sas data programming. Kpr press. P. 149. Isbn 978-1-4665-5238-8.^ Buck, debbie. "A practical introduction to sas data step-by-step programming" (pdf). Sugi 30: institute sas. Retrieved october 2, 2013. Website cite: cs1 maint: location (link) ^ n. Jyoti bass; k. Madhavi lata and kogent solutions (september 1, 2007). The black book on base sas programming, 2007, ed. Dreamtek press. Pp. 365-. Isbn 978-81-7722-769-7 .^ Tolbert, william (december 1, 2010). "How to win friends and influence people through the practice of delivering sas output." Clinical medicine and research. 8(3-4): 189-190. Doi:10.3121/cmr.2010.943.C-c1-04. Pmc 3006529. Der, g.; Bs everittt (march 10, 2009). "Basic statistics with the sas enterprise guide". Journal of the royal statistical society, series a. 172 (2): 530. Doi:10.1111/j.1467-985x.2009.00588_2.X^ john r. Schermerhorn (october 11, 2011). The study of management. John wylie & sons. 3. Isbn 978-0-470-87821-7.^ A b c spector, phil. "An introduction to the sas system" (pdf). University of california, berkeley. Archived from the original (pdf) on october 12, 2013. Retrieved october 4, 2013. ^ Chapman, david (2012). "Figuring out what version of sas is and what components are available" (pdf). Nesug.^ Hallahan, k. (1995). "Data analysis using sas". Sociological methods and the study of primary sources. 23(3): 373-391. Doi: 10.1177/0049124195023003006. S2cid 62723637.^ A b nourse, e. Shepley; greenberg, bernard g.; Cox, gertrude m.; Mason, david d.; Grizzle, james e.; Johnson, norman l.; Jones, lyle w.; Monroe, john; simons, gordon d. (1978). "Statistical data and their analysis: the university of north carolina system". International statistical review / revue internationale de statistique. 46 (2): 171. Doi: 10.2307/1402812. Issn 0306-7734. Jstor 1402812.^ A b c alan agresti; xiao-li meng (november 2, 2012). Strength in practice: the growth of academic statistics in the united states of america: the growth of academic statistics in the united states springer. P. 177 isbn 978-1-4614-3649-2. ^ Dalesio, emery (may 5, 2001). "Little-known software giant raises its profile". Associated press. Retrieved april 8, 2014. ^ Kaplan, david (january 22, 2010). "Sas: #1 new best employer". Luck. Archived from the original on november 29, 2011. Retrieved april 8, 2014. ^ A b c d "sas corporate timeline". March 3, 2011. Retrieved october 17, 2011. ^ A b barr, anthony; james goodnight (1976). "Sas officer" sas 72 and sas 76 are attributed to the citation journals of barr, goodnight, service, perkins, and helwig: the citation journal requires journal= (help)^ (barr